The Crime of Bribery in Violation Of Public Duty in The Iraqi Penal Code

Abstract

Crimes that infringe upon public duties fall under criminal laws that include a range of punitive and preventive measures. These policies aim to uphold the integrity of public duties by ensuring proper professional conduct and preventing the misuse of professional positions for influence or financial gain. Such offenses undermine the proper performance of a job, potentially harming public interest or individual interests, or both. Bribery, one of the most prevalent crimes in Iraq, is among the oldest and most dangerous. Its frequent occurrence, as reported daily, underscores its widespread nature and the threat it poses to society.

To enhance judicial oversight—now considered a crucial and indispensable issue across various domains—efforts have intensified. This profession is dedicated to resolving disputes and providing support in financial matters. Judicial audit has emerged as a key mechanism in preventing, detecting, and mitigating criminal violations related to public performance, which have led to the squandering of financial resources. Weaknesses in supervision have been identified as a contributing factor to these violations.

Crimes related to public performance are seen as significant challenges faced by economies worldwide, especially following financial crises. To oversee public assets, countries assign financial supervision duties to specialized institutions, with names and structures varying according to each country's legal system. In Iraq, numerous laws have been established to combat crimes that undermine public duties. This article will address one such case.